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Thailand, officially known as the Kingdom of Thailand, is a Southeast Asian country. The country has a population of around 70 million inhabitants, spanning a total area of 513,210 square kilometers, or 198,210 square miles. This makes Thailand the 20th most populated country in the world, and the 50th largest country in the world by area. Thailand is bordered by Myanmar, Laos, Cambodia and Malaysia. Bangkok is currently the nation’s capital, as well as the largest city. The government system of Thailand is a parliamentary constitutional monarchy. The current king is Vajiralongkorn, with the current prime minister Prawitn Wongsuwan.
There are several different geographical regions within Thailand, with the north region being dominated by mountains. The highest point is Thanon Thong Chai Range with an altitude of 2,565 meters, or 8,415 feet. There are several islands and provinces within Thailand such as Phuket, Krabi, Ranong, Phang Nga, and Trang. These islands continue to prove to be key tourist attractions despite undergoing the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami.
The climate of Thailand is highly influenced by monsoon winds. The country is classified as having a tropical monsoon climate, tropical savanna climate, and a tropical rainforest climate. Poaching is a large issue when it comes to Thailand’s wildlife. In fact, the population of elephants has decreased from an estimated 100,000 in 1850, versus a population of 2,000 today. The reason for this is because of hunters killing for elephant’s ivory as well as meat. Tigers, leopards, as well as other large cats are often hunted for their furs. Rapid deforestation can also account for several species becoming endangered, like gibbons, several species of monkeys, as well as many birds. Laws to try and take apart poaching and the conservation of land and species have been very difficult to enforce. Freshwater and marine fish’s population has rapidly depleted because of overfishing as well as destruction of their habitats. Mosquitos, ants, beetles, as well as other insects, and even the lizards that eat them, can always be found in nature.
The economy of Thailand is extremely reliant on exports, with more than two-thirds of the GDP being accounted for from exports. Some of the major exports from Thailand are cars, computers, electrical appliances, rice, textiles and footwear, fishery products, rubber, and jewelry. The economy is the second largest economy within Southeast Asia following Indonesia. Tourism takes up around 6% of the entire economy, as Thailand is currently the top visited country within Southeast Asia.
More than half of Thailand’s population is located in rural areas, mainly focused near rice-growing areas. As of 2010, around 45.7% of Thailand’s population was concentrated around urban areas. Population growth has seen a deep decline due to the government-sponsored family planning program, reaching rates from 3.1% in 1960 to around a rate of 0.4% today. The estimated average Thai household is believed to be 3.2 people. The five largest cities within Thailand are Bangkok, Nonthaburi City, Pak Kret City, Hat Yai City, and Chaophraya Surasak City.
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